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Using Struts and Hibernate (Part III)
By John Henry Xu This article was rated:
 
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About the Author

Dr. John Xu (also known as Jack Xu) is a seasoned system architect. He was chief architect for large distributed portals. He also developed search engine and Java forums. He can be reached by email xixu@yahoo.com.

In articles of using struts and hibernates (part I and part II), I have demonstrated how to install and use hibernate with struts. However, we have limited our discussion of hibernate for creating new users.

In this article, I will show how to update and delete user records with hibernate. Also the application show registered users from database.

You should have completed the articles "Using Struts and Hibernate (Part I)" and "Using Struts and Hibernate (Part II)", where we have explained configuration of hibernate, setup of struts,

as well as working examples of hibernate and struts. You can find these two articles in J2EE section. You can search and find these articles as well. You use the user_info2 table in part I and part II, and MySQL database for this article.

Since you programs with MVC such as struts, you may divide the application into 3 parts, namely, Model, View and Controller.

You may divide components relating to the following components.

1. View
2. Controller
3. Model


1.View


In this application, JSP and ActionForms are the View components. We have three JSP files, which create, update, insert and show registered users.


In this application you have records.jsp, createuser.jsp, deleteRecord.jsp, and editRecord.jsp.

records.jsp shows all registered users; createuser.jsp adds a new user record; deleteRecord.jsp deletes a particular user record; editRecord.jsp lets user edit his record.


List 1.1 createuser.jsp

<%@ taglib uri="/tags/struts-html" prefix="html" %>
<%@ taglib uri="/tags/struts-bean" prefix="bean" %>
<%@ taglib uri="/tags/struts-logic" prefix="logic" %>

<html:html>
<head>
<title>http://www.usanalyst.com</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
</head>

<h1><bean:message key="title.user.add"/></h1>

<logic:present name="usanalyst.success" scope="request" >
<font color=blue size=4><bean:write name="usanalyst.success"

property="strSuccess" /></font>
</logic:present>

<html:form action="/myapp-submit.do?method=insert" onsubmit="return validateRegisterForm

(this);">
<table width="62%" border="0">
<tr>
<td width="49%">
<div align="right"><b>Email</b></div>
</td>
<td width="51%">
<html:text property="email" />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="49%">
<div align="right"><b>First Name</b></div>
</td>
<td width="51%">
<html:text property="firstName" />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="49%">
<div align="right"><b>Last Name</b></div>
</td>
<td width="51%">
<html:text property="lastName" />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="49%">
<div align="right"><b>Phone</b></div>
</td>
<td width="51%">
<html:text property="phone" />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="49%"> </td>
<td width="51%">
<html:submit>
<bean:message key="button.insert"/>
</html:submit>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<!-- Begin Validator Javascript Function-->
<html:javascript formName="registerForm"/>
<!-- End of Validator Javascript Function-->
</html:form>
</html:html>


List 1.2 records.jsp


<%@ taglib uri="/tags/struts-html" prefix="html" %>
<%@ taglib uri="/tags/struts-bean" prefix="bean" %>
<%@ taglib uri="/tags/struts-logic" prefix="logic" %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>

<%@ page import="java.util.*" %>

<%@ page import="com.usanalyst.hibernate.*" %>
<jsp:useBean id="HbRecordModel" scope="request" class="com.usanalyst.struts.HbRecordModel"

/>

<html:html>
<head>
<title>http://www.usanalyst.com</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
</head>
<h1><bean:message key="title.user.record"/></h1>
<html:link page="/createuser.jsp"><bean:message

key="link.user.add"/></html:link>
<p>
<logic:present name="usanalyst.success" scope="request" >
<font color=blue size=4><bean:write name="usanalyst.success"

property="strSuccess" /></font>
</logic:present>
<logic:present name="usanalyst.update" scope="request" >
<font color=blue size=4><bean:write name="usanalyst.update"

property="strSuccess" /></font>
</logic:present>
<logic:present name="usanalyst.remove" scope="request" >
<font color=blue size=4><bean:write name="usanalyst.remove"

property="strSuccess" /></font>
</logic:present>
<%
List mylist=HbRecordModel.ViewRecordByHibernate();
pageContext.setAttribute("mylist", mylist);
int i0=0;
%>
<table>
<c:forEach var="user" items="${mylist}" varStatus="status" >
<% i0=(i0+1)%2; %>
<tr <%if(i0==1) {%> bgcolor="#ff0000" <%}else{%> bgcolor="#ffff00" <%}%>

>
<td>
<a href="/hibernateapp3/editRecord.do?recordId=<c:out value="${user.userId}"/>" >
Edit
</a>
</td>
<td>
<c:out value="${user.email}"/>
</td>
<td>
<c:out value="${user.firstName} ${user.lastName}"/>
</td>
<td>
<c:out value="${user.phone}"/>
</td>
<td>
<a href="/hibernateapp3/deleteRecord.do?recordId=<c:out value="${user.userId}"/>" >
Remove
</a>
</td>
</tr>
</c:forEach>
</table>
</html:html>


List 1.3 deleteRecord.jsp


<%@ taglib uri="/tags/struts-html" prefix="html" %>
<%@ taglib uri="/tags/struts-bean" prefix="bean" %>
<%@ taglib uri="/tags/struts-logic" prefix="logic" %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>

<%@ page import="com.usanalyst.hibernate.*" %>
<jsp:useBean id="HbRecordModel" scope="request" class="com.usanalyst.struts.HbRecordModel"

/>

<html:html>
<head>
<title>http://www.usanalyst.com</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
</head>
<logic:present name="usanalyst.success" scope="request" >
<font color=blue size=4><bean:write name="usanalyst.success"

property="strSuccess" /></font>
</logic:present>

<h1><bean:message key="link.user.remove"/></h1>

<%
String recordId=request.getParameter("recordId");
Object myObject=HbRecordModel.ViewRecordById(recordId);
pageContext.setAttribute("myObject", myObject);
%>

<html:form action="/myapp-submit.do?method=deleteRecord">
<input type=hidden name="userId" value="<c:out value="${myObject.userId}"/>" />
<input type=hidden name="email" value="<c:out value="${myObject.email}"/>" />
<input type=hidden name="firstName" value="<c:out value="${myObject.firstName}"/>"

/>
<input type=hidden name="lastName" value="<c:out value="${myObject.lastName}"/>" />
<input type=hidden name="phone" value="<c:out value="${myObject.phone}"/>" />
<table width="62%" border="0">
<tr>
<td width="49%">
<div align="right"><b>Email</b></div>
</td>
<td width="51%">
<c:out value="${myObject.email}"/>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="49%">
<div align="right"><b>First Name</b></div>
</td>
<td width="51%">
<c:out value="${myObject.firstName}"/>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="49%">
<div align="right"><b>Last Name</b></div>
</td>
<td width="51%">
<c:out value="${myObject.lastName}"/>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="49%">
<div align="right"><b>Phone</b></div>
</td>
<td width="51%">
<c:out value="${myObject.phone}"/>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="49%"> </td>
<td width="51%">
<html:submit />
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</html:form>
</html:html>


List 1.4 editRecord.jsp


<%@ taglib uri="/tags/struts-html" prefix="html" %>
<%@ taglib uri="/tags/struts-bean" prefix="bean" %>
<%@ taglib uri="/tags/struts-logic" prefix="logic" %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>

<%@ page import="com.usanalyst.hibernate.*" %>
<jsp:useBean id="HbRecordModel" scope="request" class="com.usanalyst.struts.HbRecordModel"

/>

<html:html>
<head>
<title>http://www.usanalyst.com</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
</head>
<logic:present name="usanalyst.success" scope="request" >
<font color=blue size=4><bean:write name="usanalyst.success"

property="strSuccess" /></font>
</logic:present>

<h1><bean:message key="title.user.edit"/></h1>

<%
String recordId=request.getParameter("recordId");
Object myObject=HbRecordModel.ViewRecordById(recordId);
pageContext.setAttribute("myObject", myObject);
%>

<html:form action="/myapp-submit.do?method=update" onsubmit="return validateRegisterForm

(this);">
<input type=hidden name="userId" value="<%=((user_info)myObject).getUserId()%>" />
<table width="62%" border="0">
<tr>
<td width="49%">
<div align="right"><b>Email</b></div>
</td>
<td width="51%">
<html:text property="email" value="<%=((user_info)myObject).getEmail()%>" />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="49%">
<div align="right"><b>First Name</b></div>
</td>
<td width="51%">
<html:text property="firstName" value="<%=((user_info)myObject).getFirstName()%

>" />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="49%">
<div align="right"><b>Last Name</b></div>
</td>
<td width="51%">
<html:text property="lastName" value="<%=((user_info)myObject).getLastName()%>"

/>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="49%">
<div align="right"><b>Phone</b></div>
</td>
<td width="51%">
<html:text property="phone" value="<%=((user_info)myObject).getPhone()%>" />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="49%"> </td>
<td width="51%">
<html:submit />
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<!-- Begin Validator Javascript Function-->
<html:javascript formName="registerForm"/>
<!-- End of Validator Javascript Function-->
</html:form>
</html:html>


Above are the source code of the JSP files that user inputs information and interacts with.


In this application, we use the DynaValidatorForm that is configured within struts-config.xml

file, so we don??t need compose subclasses of ActionForms.


For registration form, we add the following form definition


List 1.5 Form bean definition


<!-- Form Bean Definitions -->

<form-beans>
<form-bean name="registerForm"

type="org.apache.struts.validator.DynaValidatorForm">
<form-property name="userId" type="java.lang.String"/>
<form-property name="email" type="java.lang.String"/>
<form-property name="firstName" type="java.lang.String"/>
<form-property name="lastName" type="java.lang.String"/>
<form-property name="phone" type="java.lang.String"/>
<form-property name="method" type="java.lang.String"/>
</form-bean>
<form-bean name="forForm" type="org.apache.struts.validator.DynaActionForm">
</form-bean>
</form-beans>


2. Controller


In struts, ActionServlets is the controller, working with Action subclasses. We can use one action form to insert, update and delete in one action class by utilizing subclass from DispatchAction.


Here is the class:


List 2.1 MyDispatchAction.java


package com.usanalyst.struts;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import org.apache.struts.action.*;
import org.apache.struts.actions.DispatchAction;
import org.apache.struts.util.MessageResources;
import org.apache.commons.beanutils.PropertyUtils;
import org.apache.struts.validator.DynaValidatorForm;
public final class MyDispatchAction extends DispatchAction {
	private MyappAttributes mAttr=null;
	private DynaActionForm myForm =null;
	private HbappModel mModel=null;
	private void init(ActionForm form) {
		mAttr=new MyappAttributes();
		myForm = (DynaActionForm)form;
		Map map=myForm.getMap();
		mModel=new HbappModel();
		mModel.setMap(map);
	}
	public ActionForward insert(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws Exception {
		init(form);
		mModel.saveByHibernate();
		mAttr.setStrSuccess("Your record has been saved.");
		request.setAttribute("usanalyst.success",mAttr);
		request.removeAttribute(mapping.getAttribute());
		return (mapping.findForward("NotifySave"));
	}
	public ActionForward update(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form, HttpServletRequest 
request,
								HttpServletResponse response) 
throws Exception {
		System.out.println("update");
		init(form);
		mModel.updateByHibernate();
		mAttr.setStrSuccess("Your record has been updated.");
		request.setAttribute("usanalyst.update",mAttr);
		request.removeAttribute(mapping.getAttribute());
		return (mapping.findForward("UpdateSuccess"));
	}
	public ActionForward deleteRecord(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form, 
HttpServletRequest request,
								HttpServletResponse response) 
throws Exception {
		System.out.println("remove");
		init(form);
		mModel.deleteByHibernate();
		mAttr.setStrSuccess("One record has been removed.");
		request.setAttribute("usanalyst.remove",mAttr);
		request.removeAttribute(mapping.getAttribute());
		return (mapping.findForward("RemoveSuccess"));
	}
}

Class MyDispatchAction.java has methods insert, update, and deleteRecord that creating new record, update an existing record, and deleting a record respectively.

In MyDispatchAction.java, we used a class HbappModel.java. HbappModel.java is the model class that we will discuss in Model section. And HbappModel.java acts as a DAO object persisting data in database.

In struts-config.xml, you need to add some action mapping for multiple action mappings. The complete struts-config.xml is shown as

List 2.2 struts-config.xml


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC
          "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.2//EN"
          "http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/dtds/struts-config_1_2.dtd">

<struts-config>

<!-- Form Bean Definitions -->
    <form-beans>
    	<form-bean name="registerForm" 
type="org.apache.struts.validator.DynaValidatorForm">
    	    <form-property name="userId" type="java.lang.String"/>
            <form-property name="email" type="java.lang.String"/>
            <form-property name="firstName" type="java.lang.String"/>
            <form-property name="lastName" type="java.lang.String"/>
            <form-property name="phone" type="java.lang.String"/>
            <form-property name="method" type="java.lang.String"/>
         </form-bean> 
    	<form-bean name="forForm" type="org.apache.struts.validator.DynaActionForm">
         </form-bean> 
    </form-beans>
<!-- Action Mapping Definitions -->
    <action-mappings>
    
        <action 
        	path="/deleteRecord"
        	type="org.apache.struts.actions.ForwardAction"
        	name="forForm"
        	parameter="/deleteRecord.jsp"
        	scope="request"
        	validate="false"
        	input="/records.jsp"
        	>
        </action>
    
        <action 
        	path="/editRecord"
        	type="org.apache.struts.actions.ForwardAction"
        	name="forForm"
        	parameter="/editRecord.jsp"
        	scope="request"
        	validate="false"
        	input="/records.jsp"
        	>
        </action>   
            
        <action 
        	path="/myapp-submit"
        	type="com.usanalyst.struts.MyDispatchAction"
        	parameter="method"
        	name="registerForm"
        	scope="request"
        	validate="true"
        	input="/createuser.jsp"
        	>
        	<forward 
        		name="NotifySave" 
        		path="/records.jsp" />
            	<forward
                	name="UpdateSuccess"
                	path="/records.jsp"/>
            	<forward
                	name="RemoveSuccess"
                	path="/records.jsp"/>
        </action>      
        
    </action-mappings>

<!-- Controller Configuration -->
    <controller
       processorClass="org.apache.struts.tiles.TilesRequestProcessor"/>

<!-- Message Resources Definitions -->
    <message-resources parameter="MessageResources" />

<!-- Plug Ins Configuration -->
    <plug-in className="org.apache.struts.tiles.TilesPlugin" > 

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